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Category: General

Published: 19 January 2016

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No.	Month	Arabic name	Transliteration
1	January	كانون الثاني	Kānūn ath-Thānī
2	February	شباط	Shubāṭ
3	March	آذار	Ādhār
4	April	نيسان	Nīsān
5	May	أيار	Ayyār
6	June	حزيران	Ḥazīrān / Ḥuzayrān
7	July	تموز	Tammūz
8	August	آب	Āb
9	September	أيلول	Aylūl
10	October	تشرين الأول	Tishrīn al-Awwal
11	November	تشرين الثاني	Tishrīn ath-Thānī
12	December	كانون الأول	Kānūn al-Awwal

 

No.	Name	Arabic	Meaning	Note
1	Muḥarram	مُحَرَّم	forbidden	A sacred month, so called because battle and all kinds of fighting are forbidden (ḥarām) during this month. Muḥarram includes ʿĀshūrāʾ, the tenth day.
2	Ṣafar	صَفَر	void	Supposedly named thus because pre-Islamic Arab houses were empty this time of year while their occupants gathered food. Another account relates that they used to loot the houses of their enemies after defeating them in battle, leaving nothing behind.
3	Rabīʿ al-awwal	رَبيع الأوّل	the first spring	Also means to graze, because they used to graze their cattle during this month.
4	Rabīʿ al-thānī	رَبيع الثاني	the second spring
5	Jumādá al-ūlá	جُمادى الأولى	the first of parched land	Often considered the pre-Islamic summer. Jumādá may also be related to a verb meaning "to freeze" and another account relates that water would freeze during this time of year.
6	Jumādá al-ākhirah	جُمادى الآخرة	the last of parched land
7	Rajab	رَجَب	respect, honor	This is the second sacred month in which fighting is forbidden. Rajab may also be related to a verb meaning "to remove", so called because pre-Islamic Arabs would remove the heads of their spears and refrain from fighting.
8	Shaʿbān	شَعْبان	scattered	Marked the time of year when Arab tribes dispersed to find water. Shaʿbān may also be related to a verb meaning "to be in between two things". Another account relates that it was called thus because the month lies between Rajab and Ramaḍān.
9	Ramaḍān	رَمَضان	burning heat	Supposedly so called because of high temperatures caused by the excessive heat of the sun. Ramaḍān is the most venerated month of the Hijri calendar. During this time, Muslims must fast from pre-dawn till sunset and should give charity to the poor and needy.
10	Shawwāl	شَوّال	raised	She-camels would normally be in calf at this time of year and raise their tails.
11	Dhū al-Qaʿdah	ذوالقعدة	the one of truce/sitting	This is a holy month during which war is banned. People are allowed to defend themselves if attacked.
12	Dhū al-Ḥijjah	ذوالحجة	the one of pilgrimage	The holy month in which the annual Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca (the Ḥajj) occurs and during which war is banned.

 

 

 

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Arabic	al-Aḥad الأحد "First day"	al-Ithnayn الإثنين "Second day"	al-Thulāthāʾ الثلاثاء "Third day"	al-Arbaʿāʾ الأربعاء "Fourth day"	al-Khamīs الخميس "Fifth day"	al-Jumʿah الجمعة "Gathering day"	as-Sabt السبت "Day of Rest"
English	Sunday	Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturday